THE PLACENAMES of ST AUGUSTINE'S, NORWICH,
and some adjacent areas

'A local habitation and a name ...' 

Names in italic are of places or man-made structures that have been lost, demolished or built over, or have changed or lost an earlier name. 

 Adelaide Yard See Queen Adelaide Yard.

 Anglia Square Shopping precinct built in the late 1960s/early 1970s over the Stump Cross area of Magdalen Street and parts of Botolph Street. Due to be redeveloped in 2011/12 and possibly renamed Calvert Square. 

 Angel Yard Lost yard associated with the Angel tavern, which once stood on the east side of Oak Street. It roughly occupied the space now occupied by a seller of wooden sheds.
 
 Anguish's Boys Charity A stone plaque set high up on the front of a house on the west side of Oak Street (just north of the Inner Ring Road) reads 'Anguish's Boys  Charity 1901.' Thomas Anguish was Mayor of Norwich in 1611. He died in 1617 and left money in his will to set up schools for the education of the city's poor boys and girls. It is not known what the connection is with this house, although, interestingly, Ragged School Yard once stood near here (a little to the north off the west side of St Martins at Oak Street, parallel and just to the south of Key and Castle Yard). 

 Anne's Walk A passage way from Magdalen Street into the northeast corner of Anglia Square.

 Bakers Road This road, which runs between St Augustine's Gates and St Martins Road, is, curiously, marked as Wingfield Road on the Ordnance survey map of 1885 (see Wingfield Road). It once had rows of terraced houses on both sides, though only those on the north side now remain. The Staff of Life public house once stood at its eastern-most end (the building still exists) and it is interesting to speculate whether the pub's name inspired the naming of the road.   

 Baldwin's Yard See Dog Yard.

 Barnes Yard This courtyard is located at the rear of St Augustine's Street opposite the Leonard Street carpark. It is not known who Barnes was although it is interesting to note that between 1865 and 1867 the landlord of the Free Trade Tavern, which stood nearby on St Augustine's Street, was one Charles Barnes. There is no longer a passageway from this yard into St Augustine's Street. There is another Barnes Yard off Magdalen Street.

 Bathhouse Yard Lost yard of th west side of St Martins at Oak Street, its entrance roughly opposite Jenkins Lane. 

 Beckham Place This runs off the north side of Edward Street into an area marked on the Ordnance Survey map of 1885 as Beckham's Yard.   

 Botolph Street Before Anglia Square was built Botolph Street ran between the junction of Pitt Street and St Augustine's Street to Stump Cross in Magdalen Street. Prior to the economic decline of the 1930s Botolph Street was a busy, commercial street with numerous dwellings, shops and pubs, as well as the entrance gates to a number of boot-making and textile-manufacturing factories. All are now gone, swept away in the late 1960s when Anglia Square was developed. Botolph Street now incorporates the north end of St George's Street (formerly Middle Street), which was cut off from its southern half by the Inner Ring Road in the early 1970s. Botolph Street is named after St Botolph's church, which stood near Magdalen Street from at least the 13th century until it was deconsecrated and demolished in 1548. St Botolph was a 7th-century Anglo-Saxon abbot and a popular saint in England in the Middle Ages, particularly in East Anglia. The 1885 Ordnance Survey map lists eight pubs in Botolph Street: (south side going west) The Shuttles, Duke of Sussex, King's Arms Inn, Edinburgh Castle and Light Horsman; (north side going west) Britannia Tavern, Boatswains Call and Globe Tavern. 
  
 Botolph Way Passage way between Botolph Street and Anglia Square.

 Bushel & Strike The Norwich Gazette of 21 September 1728 reported that "Samuel Gains, jun. and Samuel Morris, will sit at Mr. Thomas Fiddiment's at the Bushel & Strike in St Augustines Parish in Norwich, where will be given constant Attendance every Friday and Saturday till Noon, to buy Barley and other Grains, and will give as good prices as any Person whoever". Bushel & Strike may have been an earlier name of the Bushel tavern (see Bushel Yard). A bushel is a measure of capacity equivalent to eight gallons (36.4 litres), while 'strike' may refer to 'striking a bargain', in other words, agreeing the price to be paid for the farmer's grain.  

 Bushel Yard This lost yard was located between numbers 27 and 29 St Augustine's Street (east side). Its entrance was roughly where there's now a door between a cafe and a house letting agent's premises. The yard was named after the Bushell tavern, which was located a no. 27. The Bushell closed in 1928 after having possibly been in business for more than 200 years (see Bushel & Strike). The Norwich landscape artist and textile designer Obadiah Short (1803-1886) was born near here.

 Calvert Street This street originally ran between Colegate in the south and Botolph Street in the north. With the construction of Anglia Square and the Inner Ring Road in the late 1960s/early 1970s it was cut in two. The northern portion disappearing beneath the concrete of Anglia Square roughly where it was joined by Green Lane. Who Calvert Street is named after is a bit of a mystery. The most favoured explanation is that it was named after John Calvert, a Sheriff of Norwich in 1741 who may have had a house here. The southern portion of this street was (and still sometimes is) known as Snailgate. 

 Catherine Wheel Opening A lane on the north side of the Catherine Wheel at 61 St Augustine's Street (east side); the only pub on this street still trading (there were eight at one time). It runs between St Augustine's Street to an alley on the west side of the Magpie pub on Magpie Road. Until it was demolished in 1794, St Augustine's Gate stood only a few yards to the north of this pub (click here to see engraving) and lanes such as this provided access to the inside of the wall where all sorts of dwellings, stables and workshops could be found.

 Cattermoul or Cattermoule Yard  This lost yard was located on the south side of Pitt Street. George Plunkett photographed it in 1937; demolished after the war?

 'Chaff Lug Alley' See Jenkins Lane.
 
 Chatham Street When it came to naming this street between Sussex Street with the Gildencroft in the 1880s, it was thought that nearby Pitt Street was named after the British prime minister William Pitt 'The Younger' (1759-1806), son of the Earl of Chatham. In fact Pitt Street was originally called Pit Street for the prosaic reason that it housed a big rubbish pit.

 Cherry Lane This lane runs from the bottom of Pitt Street (east side) into Botolph Street (formerly St George's Street). It was once known as Tooleys Lane (see Pitt Street) but took its present name from the Cherry Tree pub (see Cherry Tree Opening).

 Cherry Tree Opening This cul-de-sac now runs off what is now known as Botolph Street, but used to be part of St George's Street. Older maps seem to indicate that its opening was originally on Pitt Street. It is named after the Cherry Tree pub, later called the Golden Sovereign, which closed in 1988.
  
 Church Alley This is the name once given to the lane in front of the row of half-timbered cottages to the south of St Augustine's churchyard. The dwellings here date from the 1580s and are said to be the longest row of Tudor cottages in England. Contrary to popular belief they were never alms houses. It is thought there were originally seven cottages; these were subdivided into 14 in the 18th century. The 1851 census recorded no less than 50 people living in these 14 cottages, 14 under the age of 16. By the 1950s they were dilapidated and the council considered pulling them down. Fortunately, they decided to restore them and convert them into six dwellings. Two, however, at the Pitt Street end were demolished to allow the road to be widened. It never was! (See Gildencroft below.)

 Cooke's Hospital See Malzy Court.

 Cross Street This street of 19th-century terraced housing (all now gone) ran off the south side of Sussex Street. It was renamed The Lathes in the late 1970s when an estate of maisonettes was built behind Sussex Street.

 Dalimond Also known as the Dalimund or Dalymond Ditch or Dyke, the Dalimond is one of the lost streams of Norwich. Its name is probably a back-formation from a topographical feature of the area, a small mound or hill. The stream or 'cockey' in the local dialect, flowed from Old Catton in the north via Angel Road, entering roughly where Edward Street is today, then meandered through the Stump Cross, St Paul's and Fishergate areas to fall into the River Wensum at the bottom of Hansard Lane near St Edmund's church. The Dalimond was discovered to be still flowing underground through gravel beds during excavations in Peacock Street in 1985. Another version of its name was the Balymondyke.

 Dalimond Croft An area west of St Augustine's Street and east of Edward Street covered today by Esdelle Street and Leonard Street was known as the Dalimond Croft in the early Middle Ages.    

 Damien Elton Court Late 20th-century gated court of three apartments off Rose Yard. But who was Damien Elton?

 Dark Entry Yard Lost yard located on east side of Pitt Street near the Queen Adelaide pub, which was demolished in 1967. 

 Delph Yard This was located between numbers 35 and 37 St Augustine's Street (east side). The site of its entrance on St Augustine's Street is now covered by a 20th-century-built vestibule between two shop premises. William Delph ran a plumbers and glaziers business here in the 19th century. He was also a churchwarden at St Augustine's church, where he was involved in a controversy concerning the shortening of the churchyard boundary in the 1870s. His son was landlord of the nearby Prince of Wales pub. See Prince of Wales Yard. 

 Dog Yard Located on the east side of Oak Street in a row of 17th-century weavers' cottages (nos 98-108). Yards in Norwich often take their name from the tavern or inn they stood beside, but no record of a Dog tavern in Oak Street has been found.  It is next door to Talbots Yard. A talbot was the name of a type of hunting hound; coincidence? Two other yards, Goat Yard and Baldwin's Yard, were also in this block, but are no longer individually named. 

 Dovehouse Yard This lost yard is mentioned in Matthew Brettingham's lease of land in the Gildencroft dated 1751. It adjoined The Lathes. 

 Eagle Opening This lane was located to the east of the Spread Eagle pub in Sussex Street. It is now the (unnamed) entrance to Sussex House, a former shoe factory (Clarkes) and latterly an office of Norwich Union insurance (Aviva). Before the shoe factory was built this site was occupied by a nursery, a place were fruit and vegetables were grown in the 19th century. 

 Ebenezer Place A collection of two- and three-storey 20th-century council flats off Sussex Street around a small wooded area, built on the site of Ebenezer Terrace, a row of 19th-century labourers' cottages demolished in the 20th-century. It is not known how it got its name. Ebenezer was a name often given to non-conformist chapels in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. ('Ebenezer' is Hebrew for 'stone of help'.) St Augustine's parish was an important focus of dissenting activity in this period by Quakers, Baptists and Methodists, though no record of an Ebenezer chapel having once stood here has yet been found. 

 Edward Street A late 19th-century street (it doesn't appear on the 1885 Ordnance Survey), the street today runs between Magdalen Street and Magpie Road. It was originally somewhat shorter and only ran between Esdelle Street (in a gap between Salisbury Terrace and Zigzag Row on Magpie Road) and Rose Yard. Its present Magpie Road end was previously part of Esdelle Street, while its present Magdalen Street end was Minns Yard. It is not known why it was called Edward Street. A lost stream, the Dalimond, once flowed into the city near here. The area to the west of Edward Street was then known as the Dalimond Croft, while the area to the east was known as St Margaret's Croft after the the lost church of St Margaret Combusto.

 Elephant Walk This curiously named pedestrian-only lane runs between Calvert Street and Magdalen Street on the south side of the Inner Ring Road flyover and to the north of Doughty's Hospital. Its name derives from Elephant Yard, which once stood here behind the Elephant pub in Stump Cross.

 Esdelle Street A street of late 19th-century terraced houses without front gardens that runs off the east side of St Augustine's Street. It meets Edward Street in the east and also provides access to Leonard Street. It was probably built between 1885 and 1886. It doesn't appear on the 1885 Ordnance Survey map while one of the houses on its southern side has a plaque stating 'Robert Terrace 1886'. Esdelle is probably a surname or made up name rather than a forename, so this is not one of Norwich's 'lady streets'. Shorten & Armes had a shoe factory here from the 1930s and the 1970s

 Fellmonger's Yard This lost yard ran off the eastern side of Oak Street roughly where the Inner Ring Road now passes the detached northern portion of Oak Street. A fellmonger dealt in animal carcasses that were unfit for human concumption, rendeing them for their hides, flesh and bones for dog meat, glue, etc. A very smelly trade! The Railway Arms pub stood at the entrance to this yard.

 Frelane This lane, mentioned in documents dating from the 13th century, once ran to the west of St Martin's at Oak Street.

 The Folly The Ordnance Survey map of 1884 shows a narrow lane or "loke" (a local word for a narrow lane) with this name running between the north side of Sussex Street and the western end of Ebenezer Terrace. It is probable that this is a late survival in common usage of the Folly Grounds that once stood in this location (see Folly Grounds).   

 Folly Grounds This plot of land stood in the northwest corner of the Gildencroft between the Jousting Acre and Tutt Hill near St Martin's Gate. It appears to have been a place of recreation for music, dancing and 'camping', an early form of football (click here for more information) and may have been connected with a tavern and piece of ground near here known as the Tabor's Folly. The earliest known mention of Tabor's Folly is on a map of 1746 printed to accompany volume 2 of Francis Blomefield's History of Norfolk. While it is generally believed that 'Tabor' refers to the small drum used in medieval and Renaissance times, it is interesting to note that in the 1650s and 1660s, during a period of religious controversy, there was a well-known churchwarden and overseer of St Martin at Oak church and freeman of Norwich called John Tabor. Parts of the Gildencroft, right up to the city wall, were then detached part of St Martin at Oak parish. From early medieval times until the Reformation an icon of the Virgin Mary hung in an oak tree in St Martin's churchyard, attracting large numbers of pilgrims. During the reign of Edward VI the image was removed by Protestant iconoclasts and the tree felled. About 100 years later, on 9 March 1656, John Tabor, a gardener by trade, brought an oak tree from "Ranner Hall" (possibly Ranworth Hall) and replanted it in St Martin's churchyard. Could the Tabor's Folly have perhaps commemorated this unusual feat? 

 Fuller's Hole An area on the east bank of the River Wensum near present-day
St Martin's Close. Although this placename's association with fuller's earth - a type of clay used for fulling (i.e. cleaning and thickening) cloth - seems plausible, given the proximity of the area to the city's textile trade, it is more likely to derive from the nearby Fuller's Hall or House, which once stood  here. This medieval hall was demolished during slum clearances in St Martin's parish in the 1930s and nothing of it now remains, though fortunately there are drawings of it by Henry Ninham and David Hodgson. "Hole" was a word used locally for a narrow passage leading to the river.  On 1 September 1747 John Brooks and Isaac Wolfery were drowned near Fuller's Hole. However, the area's association with the textile trade cannot be entirely discounted; on the west bank of the river here was an area known as the Bleaching Ground where cloth was laid out to bleach in the sun.

 Gildencroft Today the Gildencroft comprises a small public park to the southwest of St Augustine's churchyard and the lane that runs along its north side. It was once a much larger area of open land located west of St Augustine's Street, east of St Martin at Oak Street, south of the city wall and noth of Martin's or Whores Lane.  It is thought to have been part of the manor of 'Tokethorp' or Tolthorpe in the early Middle Ages, but was later owned by the Great Hospital of St Giles in Bishopsgate. It was known as the Gilding or Gipping Croft on some 18th-century maps. Other placenames associated with the Gildencroft are the Folly Grounds, the Jousting Acre, the Quaker Burial Ground, the Hebrew Congregation Cemetery, Jenkins Lane, Gildencroft Lane and Quaker Lane (click here for more information). (See also Church Alley above.)

 Gildencroft Lane See Quaker Lane 

 Gildengate See Middle Street.

 Gilding Croft or Cross See Gildencroft.

 Gipping Croft or Cross See Gildencroft.

 Goat Yard See Dog Yard. 

 Gos Lane See Jenkins Lane.

 Great Hall, The 15th-century timber-framed house on west side of Oak Street.

 Green's Lane See Upper Green Lane.

 Greenhill Road This road of terraced houses, which runs between Aylsham Road and St Martins Road, commerates the Greenhill Pleasure Gardens that once stood here. 

 Hebrew Congregation Cemetery Jewish cemetery at southeast corner of Talbot Square. This small plot of land was leased by Norwich's Hebrew Congregation in 1813. It ceased being used for burials in 1854. Click here for more information.
  
 Hermitage, The Marked on an early 18th-century plan of Norwich as a house built into the city wall to the west of St Augustine's Gates.

 Hindes Yard This yard is located between numbers 13 and 15 St Augustine's Street (east side). Hindes Yard, Rose Yard and Wine Coopers Arms Yard are the only yards left in St Augustine's that the public can still walk through. Of the three, Hindes Yard is probably the closest to what many of Norwich's yards were once like: narrow, winding and dark. The yard is probably named after the Hinde family, who owned a silk shawl manufactory in nearby Botolph Street in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The Hinde family tomb is located almost opposite the yard bearinmg their name, in the northeast corner of St Augustine's churchyard. Click here for image. In 2010 the name of this yard was set in stone in a newly laid pavement outside the entrance to the yard.

 Hospital of St Mary and St Clement Leper or 'Lazar' house which stood outside the city wall to the east of St Augustine's Gate on what is now known as Wateloo Road. By the 18th century it was being used a 'poor house' for 'lunatic paupers'. 

 Howard Terrace Name given to a block of three-storey, early 19th-century town houses on the north side of Sussex Street, which were converted into flats by Broadland Housing Association in the 1970s.

 Jenkins Lane Alley between Chatham Street and Oak Street, well known in Norwich for its narrowness for hundreds of years. The earliest known description of this passage way (though unnamed) is dated 1472. The first known reference to it as Jenkins Lane is on a map of 1696. It may have been used by the Quakers to gain access to their burial ground in the Gildencroft in the 17th century and by the Jews to access their cemetery near present-day Talbot Square in the early 19th century. Called Gos Lane by Robert Blomefield in the 18th century. Who or what Gos or Jenkins were hasn't been established. It acquired the nickname 'Chaff Lug Alley' by locals because it was said to be so narrow one risked chaffing one's lugs (i.e. ears) passing through it. Currently without any name plate. In the 18th century it abutted Mr Thompson's Garden, Yards and Brewery Offices on its north side. On the Ordnance Survey map of 1885 it is named Jinkin's Lane and interestingly there is an Old Brew Yard and a Little Brew Yard and Malthouse near to its northwest end. The buildings there now were formerly used as a malt house then for curing bacon. They are now due for demolition (as of 2009). 

 Jewish Cemetery (see Hebrew Congregation Cemetery).

 Jousting Acre Part of the Gildencroft, located in its northwest corner, roughly between present-day Ebenezer Place and Bakers Road inside the line of the city's medieval wall. It is thought that Norwich's knights and men-at-arms practised their martial skills here, including mock combat on foot and horseback, tilting at the quintain on horseback and on foot as well as practicing the longbow. It is possible that the grand tournament held in Norwich on St Valentine's Day 1340, which was attended by King Edward III and the Black Prince, was held here.

 Justine Acre See Jousting Acre. 

 Key and Castle Yard This new development of houses and flats on the west side of Oak Street gets its name from the yard that stood behind the Key and Castle pub, which finally called last orders in 1958. One of its landlords was William Sheward, who kept the pub here briefly in 1868-9. In a fit of drunken melancholy he confessed to the police that he had murdered his wife nearly 20 years earlier and disposed of her body by chopping her up and depositing of the parts all around the outskirts of Norwich. Despite having no other evidence to link him to the discovery of  unidentified body parts around Norwich in 1851 other than his wife's disappearance and his deranged confession, he was found guilty and hanged at Norwich Gaol. Ragged School Yard once ran parallel and to its south. 
   
 Lathes, The An estate of 42 maisonettes and flats built in the late 1970s and managed by Broadland Housing Association located off the south side of Sussex Street. Its name is taken from that of a farm that covered this area from the Middle Ages until the late 18th century. 'Lathe' is an old English dialect word for a type of barn. Click here for more information.

 Leonard Street This L-shaped street of late 19th-century terrace houses runs between Esdelle Street and Edward Street. It was begun to be built in 1886 shortly after Esdelle Street. It lost the short row of four houses that once stood on its western side, possibly as a result of enemy bombing during the Second World War. It isn't known who Leonard was, but it may be a surname rather than a forename (compare Esdelle Street).   
 
 Magpie Road This road runs between St Augustine's Gates and Magdalen Gates to the north of the line of the old city wall. The Magpie pub, roughly one-third of the way along its length from its western end was known as the Weighing Chains in the mid-19th century, as it had a weighbridge in front of it to weigh wagons. Fragments of the city wall are still visible to the rear of Magpie Road in Catherine Wheel Opening (see above). The 1885 Ordanace Survey map gives the names of four blocks of terraced housing on the road's south side: Salisbury Terrace, Zigzag Row, Malvern Terrace and Herbert Terrace.

 Malzy Court A secluded group of former almshouses at the bottom of Chatham Street near the Gildencroft Quaker Burial Ground. The eight, small, brick-built cottages and courtyard that comprise Malzy Court were built in the early 1890s at a cost of £1,700 as almshouses of Cooke’s Hospital, a charitable institution established in 1692 by brothers Thomas and Robert Cooke. The charity's original foundation was in Rose Lane but encroaching railway development and rising maintenance costs forced it to find a new location and the Gildencroft was eventually chosen. A small plot of land here was purchased from the Great Hospital at a cost of £125. At the opening ceremony in August 1892 the oldest resident, a Mrs Wallbank, was given her choice of cottage then each of the other seven women almoners were called up in alphabetical order to choose their new home. In April 1899 the Master of Doughty's Hospital, Mr Intwood, was appointed Master of Cooke's Hospital. The two charitable institutions were eventually amalgamated under the provisions of the 1910 Norwich Charities Consolidation Act. In the mid-1970s the Trustees decided to move the residents of Cooke's Hospital to new accommodation nearer Doughty's Hospital, Cooke's Court, which was opened in 1980. The empty cottages and courtyard of Cooke's Hospital were purchased by Norfolk estate agent Frank Potter, who renamed the area Malzy Court after his grandfather Amand Malzy, whose ancestors came from the village of Malzy in northern France.

 Mereholt The Mereholt was a wooded area located roughly where Botolph Street meets Anglia Square. Its name possibly means the pool in a wood or the boundary wood. The wood itself seems to have disappeared by the beginning of the 14th century and was last mentioned in a record of 1506.

 Middle Street See St George's Street.

 New Botolph Street The name given in 2010 to a new road that links Edward Street with Pitt Street, part of the St Augustine's Gyratory.

 Nichols Yard Located between numbers 19 and 21 St Augustine's Street (east side). Its entrance can still be seen from St Augustine's Street and it still has a name plate even though it is currently blocked at this end. The yard behind widens out into a courtyard where there are still a small number of occupied dwellings. It isn't known why it was called Nichols Yard, though interestingly the Nichols Brothers bakers and confectioners were once ocated just across the street. In 2010 the name of this yard was set in stone in a newly laid pavement outside the entrance to the yard.

 Nunns Yard This yard was located between numbers 31 and 33 St Augustine's Street (east side). The yard can still be glimpsed through its gated entrance on the St Augustine's Street between the former Convenience 1st store (now closed) and a boarded-up premises, formerly Blake's butchers. The Nunn family seem to have run a number of local businesses from their premises here in the mid-19th century, including a hairdressers, a seed merchants and an insurance agents. In 2010 the name of this yard was set in stone in a newly laid pavement outside the entrance to the yard.   

 Oak Street See St Martin's at Oak Street.

 Old Brew Yard and Little Brew Yard Lost yards on east side of St Martin's at Oak Street, associated with a former malthouse that runs along the north side of Jenkins Lane.
 
 Parsonage houses In 1597 Bishop Redman’s 'Visitation' (i.e. a tour of inspection of Norwich Diocese's property by church officials) found St Augustine’s parsonage houses ‘greatlie ruinous and redie to fall downe’. It is possible that these dwellings for the use of thr rector and his curate were located on the north side of the churchyard, perhasp behind what is now known as Wine Cooper's Arms Yard. There is a blocked up door on the inside of the north wall of the church where the rector may once have entered from the rectory.

 Pynfalde, The A pound or 'penfold' for cattle or horses which once stood at the Botolph Street end of Middle Street (see St George's Street).  

 Pitt Street This street, which runs from the St Crispins Road roundabout to its junction with St Augustine's Street, has had a number of name changes over the centuries. Before the Inner Ring Road was built in the early 1970s it stretched as far as St Mary's Plain over what is now regarded as the southern end of Duke Street. St Olave's (or Olaf's) church stood on the east side of this street until 1546 when it was demolished. Because its proximity this street was sometimes known as Tooley Street (Tooley being a mispronounciation of '[S] tOlave').  A large rubbish pit was here, at the east end of the churchyard, gave rise to its other name, Pit Street, which in turn was gentrified into Pitt Street (see Chatham Street and Cherry Lane). Shoemaker John F. Kirkby had a factory here.    

 Prince of Wales Yard This yard is located on the south side of 39 St Augustine's Street, which is currently the premises of the Private Shop but which was once the premises of the Prince of Wales public house. The yard is now gated but one can still see through the gate into the old yard behind. 
 
 Quaker Burial Ground Located at the southern end of Chatham Street. The Norwich Society of Friends (Quakers) bought this plot in the Gildencroft from the Great Hospital of St Giles in 1650. Click here for more information. 

 Quaker Burial Ground passageway Before Sussex Street and Chatham Street were built in the 19th century access to the Quaker Burial Ground was difficult. The Quakers therefore took out a lease on a narrow strip of land between St Martin's Lane and the Gildencroft just wide enough for a wagon bearing a coffin to be led to their Burial Ground. A crescent was added between the entrances to the Friends' Meeting House and the Burial Ground to allow the wagon and its horse to turn around. This can still be seen today between the entrances to the Treehouse Chidrens' Centre and the Quaker Burial Ground. The Quaker Burial Ground passageway itself, or part of it, can also still be seen: it now forms the entrance lane to Malzy Court (formerly Cooke's Hospital almshouses).   

 Quaker Lane This lane once ran between St Martin's Lane (also known as Whores Lane) in the south to the Gildencroft in the north. It was originally known as Gildencroft Lane and was in reality a very narrow footpath between two plots of land. It acquired its present-day name Quaker Lane because of its proximity to the Friends (Quakers) Meeting House, built in 1699, and the adjoining Quaker Burial Ground (purchased by the Quakers in 1650). The construction of ther Inner Ring Road in the early 1970s cut off the north end of Quaker Lane from its southern portion. 

 Queen Adelaide Yard Located on east side of Pitt Street near Morris Printers, somewhere between Nos 53 and 57, presumably named after the Queen Adelaide pub, demolished in 1967. The pub had a skittle alley.

 Ragged School Yard See Anguish's Boys Charity.    

 Robert Terrace Block of Victorian terraced housing on south side of Esdelle Street. A stone plaque above one of the houses reads 'Robert Terrace 1886'. 

 
 Rose Yard This was once the largest 'yard' in St Augustine's and reputedly the largest yard in Norwich. More of a street in its own right than a yard, its entrance can be found today between numbers 7 and 9 St Augustine's Street. The archway here is wide enough to drive a horse and coach through, which is indeed what it was designed to do as the building on its south side here was formerly the Rose Inn, a coaching inn that operated here from the 14th to the mid-20th century. The north side of the yard was occupied in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by the premises of De Carle's (the forerunner of present-day Colemans Opticians), a Norwich chemists which producd their own bottled fruit-flavoured mineral waters and a cough linctus known as "Lungene" in workshops at the rear of their St Augustine's Street shop. From its St Augustine's Street entrance, Rose Yard once stretched right over to Edward Street and in the 19th century contained rows of two- and three-storey tenaments with tunnel-like passageways through them to smaller yards behind. The yard also contained shops, a boot factory and Norwich's first Primitive Methodist or "Ranter" chapel. For more information click here.

 Royal Oak Yard (1) Lost yard associated with the Royal Oak pub, which once stood on the east side of St Martins at Oak Street, roughly where the Talk nightclub's carpark is now. 
     
 Royal Oak Yard (2) This yard is located between numbers 54 and 64
St Augustine's Street (west side) behind the premsies of the former Royal Oak public house (closed in the 1960s). There were presumably at least five small dwellings here at one time to account for the jump in house numbers from 54 to 64. Like Rose Yard (see above), the entrance is wide enough to accommodate a horse and carriage. The yard once housed stables, presumbly for guests staying at the pub, and a licensed 'shoeing smith' was still working here in the 1950s. In 2010 the name of this yard was set in stone in a newly laid pavement outside the entrance to the yard.

 St Augustine's Church Alley This runs between the junction of Pitt Street and St Augustines' Street and the Gildencroft. St Augustine's churchyard is on its north side and a row of 16th-century cottages said to be the longest surviving terrace of dwellings of this age in England.

 St Augustine's churchyard Large open space around St Augustine's church. The churchyard was the focus of a controversy in the 1870s when parts of its eastern end had fallen into the road, obstructing traffic. After the churchyard wall was shortened to allow the road to be widened, the Church authorities prosecutd the churchwardens for having in effect stolen church property, namely the lost portion of churchyard. One of the churchwardens spend a short time in Norwich prison as a result. A public water supply was once available from the churchyard wall under a large ornamental urn (click here to see photograph). In 1894 the Church Commissioners sold the churchyard to Norwich Corporation to allow the space to be made into a public garden of rest. It is currently owned and managed by Norwich City Council.

  St Augustine's Gates A fortified medieval barbican, which stood at the top of St Augustine's Street for 500 years; sometimes called St Austin's Gate or Port. Part of the city's northern defences in the Middle Ages when it had a working portcullis, battlements, a catapult and a garrison of guards. In later periods domestic dwellings were built inside and over its top. It was demolished in 1794. The junction of St Augustine's Street, Aylsham Road, Baker Road, Waterloo Road and Magpie Road, is known as St Augustine's Gate. In 2010 the line of the old city wall was commerated by specially engraved stones placed in the pavement on either side of St Augustine's Street.

 St Augustine's Gyratory A clockwise, one-way road system constructed in
St Augustine's in 2010 in order to inprove the air quality in St Augustine's Street. Comprises St Augustine's Street, part of Magpie Road, part of Esdelle Street, Edward Street, New Botolph Street and part of Pitt Street.

 St Augustine's Mill Postmill that stood to the north of St Augustine's Gate until the early 19th century, possibly between Patteson Road and Eade Road. Shown on Cleer's plan of Norwich of 1696.

 St Augustine's Road The former name of the southern end of Aylsham Road where it forms a junction with four other roads - Bakers Road, St Augustine's Street, Waterloo Road (formerly Infirmary Road) and Magpie Road. St Augustine's School stood on its north side. 

 St Augustine's School This once stood on a lozenge of land opposite St Augustine's Gates. It was founded in the 1830s and destroyed by enemy bombiong in 1942. The school comprised a mixed infants, a girls and a boys school, each with its own separate bikldings and playgrounds. Click here for more information.  

 St Augustine's Street Named after the church of St Augustine which stands on its west side, this street is both the parish's high street and one of the main arterial roads of Norwich's northern city centre. It runs between its junction with Pitt Street and Botolph Street in the southeast to St Augustine's Gate in the north. In the 18th century is was generaly known as St Austin's Street - Austin being an abbreviated form of Augustine popular at that period. It is one of Norwich's eight saint streets. The 1885 Ordnance Survey map lists nine pubs in St Augustine's Street (east side going north) Rose Inn, Free Trade Tavern, Bushel Inn, Prince of Wales and Catherine Wheel; (west side going north) Winecoopers Arms, Sussex Arms, Royal Oak and Staff of Life. Another tavern, known as the Shoulder of Mutton, also stood here. Only the Catherine Wheel remains open today. In 2010 St Augustine's Street was made into a one-way road for northbound traffic only, as part of the St Augustine's Gyratory system.    

 St Austin's Croft This rare placename appears on a plan of Norwich dated 1746 that was printed to accompany Robert Blomefield's Topographical History of Norfolk. A square area of about one acre is shown on the east side of St Augustine's Street (roughly where Esdelle and Leonard Street are now) with the title 'Croft of the Rector of St Austin's - St Austin's Croft'. Presumably glebe land, part of the rector of St Augustine's living or benefice.     

 St Austin's Street Old name for St Augustine's Street. 

 St Clement's without St Austin's Gate The architect Matthew Brettingham mentions owning a property here in his will of 1769. This may have been roughly where Bakers Road is today.

 St George's Street This street used to run from St Andrew's Street to Botolph Street. It has also been known by several other names: Middle Street, Blackfriars Bridge Street, the Gildengate, and going back even further, as the Mereholt, a wood that once covered most of the present-day Anglia Square area. When the Inner Ring Road and Anglia Square were constructed in the late 1960s/early1970s, the northern portion of St George's Street was cut off from its southern half. The isolated northern part was then redesignated as part of Botolph Street. This small stretch of road is unusual in still being largely paved with cobbles rather than tarmac.

 St Martin's at Oak Street This street, usually known simply as Oak Street, once ran between Westwick Street on the south bank of the River Wensum and Aylsham Road in the north. Today it is regarded postally as three or four distinct streets: Coslany Street (at its southern end), Oak Street (south of the Inner Ring Road), Oak Street (north of the Inner Ring Road) and St Martin's Road (at its northern end). Its name derives from St Martin's at Oak church, which had a large hollow oak tree in its churchyard in which there was an icon of the Virgin Mary. 

 St Martin's at Oak Wall Lane This narrow lane runs between St Martin's at Oak Lane and St Augustine's Street along the route of the city wall, substantial fragments of which can be seen here. At its western end the lane traverses areas of the Gildencroft within the city wall known as the Folly Grounds and the Jousting Acre. It is marked on the Ordnance Survey map of 1885 as "Under the Wall".

 St Martin's Cockey This small stream once ran from St Martin's churchyard west into the River Wensum.

 St Martin's Lane This lane used to run between Oak Street (or St Martin at Oak Street as it was formerly known) and Pitt Street. The construction of the Inner Ring Road in the early 1970s reduced the lane to a cul-de-sac. Its name derives from St Martin's-at-Oak church also known as St Martin's Coslany. St Martin's Lane also had another name, one which has attracted much curious attention, namely Whores Lane. It has been suggested that rather than being a lane associated with prostitutes, Whores Lane derives from an Old English expression 'Horslane' meaning 'dirty road' or possibly even 'boundary road'. St Martin's Lane or Whores Lane marks the southern boundary of the Gildencroft.  

 Sovereign House See Sovereign Way.

 Sovereign Way Passage way between the southeast corner of Anglia Square and Magdalen Street. Sovereign House, built in the late 1960s, overlooks Anglia Square opposite this passage. Until the mid-1990s it housed offices of Her Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO), hence presumably 'Sovereign'. 

 Staller's Lane  Lost lane possibly named after a local merchant, John Staller, during the reign of Elizabeth I. Its exact location is uncertain. It may have run between Tooley Street and St Augustine's Street. One Thomas Staller owned the Jousting Acre in the Gildencroft in 1751.

 Stonemasons Court A small court of houses off the east side of St Augustine's Street. A faded painted advertisement for Arthur Hall, Stonemason, can still be seen on the wall of a house adjacent to the court. Another local stonemason, Arthur Woods, also had premises in St Augustine's Street. Previously known as Stonemasons Yard and earlier still as Stone Yard (on the Ordnance Survey map of 1885).

 Stump Cross Name of area at the former junction of Magdalen Street and Botolph Street, lost when Anglia Square was developed in the late 1960s. Its name probably derives from a broken cross that stood here and was a well-known landmark. The Lowestoft-born satirist, Thomas Nashe, seems to allude to this placename in his work Lenten Stuff (published 1599). Comparing the resepctive rights of Norwich and Yarmouth to have invented the kipper, he writes of "Guilding Cross in the parish of St Saviour's (now stumped up by the roots) so named, as they would have it, of the smoky gilding of herrings there first invented ..."   

 Sussex House Name given to an office block set back off the north side of Sussex Street. Used as an office by Norwich Union Insurance (now known as Aviva) until 2008, it was formerly a shoe factory (making Clarkes "K" shoes). Its entrance lane was once known as Eagle Opening (see above), probably because of its proximity to the Spread Eagle public house. The land here was a nursery until the early 20th-century, a last link to the agricultural use of land here in the Middle Ages (see The Lathes). The original Sussex House was, however, located on the south side of the western end of Sussex Street (no. 90). It is so marked on the 1885 Ordnance Survey, showing extensive gardens behind it. Click here to see a photograph of the front elevation of house.   

 Sussex Street This long, broad and very straight street runs between St Augustine's Street in the east and Oak Street in the west. It began to be developed in the 1820s over land sometimes known generally as the Gildencroft and more specifically as The Lathes, farmland owned by the Great Hospital of St Giles in Bishopsgate since the late Middle Ages, which by the late 18th century had been parcelled up and either sold or leased in lots. A plan of the estate from about 1770 doesn't show a footpath or even a field boundary along the approximate route that Sussex Street would take fifty years later. It may be that in the intervening years the land here was further subdivided and leased or sold off to private buyers. The buildings on Sussex Street are quite varied and this probably reflects that fact that the were built by different developers at different times. A stone plaque on the south side of the street above nos 6 & 8 has the date 1824 and the initials B.H.J. It is not known who or what these letters stands for. Another stone plaque, almost opposite, high up above no. 1, bears the street's name, Sussex Street. Such stone street names are very rare. About half way up on the north side of the street is the Spread Eagle public house (closed in 2010), which has stood here since the 1830s. The street had junctions with Eagle Opening and Ebenezer Terrace on its north side and Cross Street and Chatham Street on it south. Almost all of the originally buildings at its Oak Street end have disappeared and been replaced by modern council flats and commercial buildings. Why the street was named Sussex Street is a bit of a mystery. In the 19th and early 20th centuries there was a pub named the Duke of Sussex at the St Augustine's Street end of Susex Street. There was also a pub named the Sussex Arms nearby in Botolph Street. No connection between this area and Sussex or the Duke of Sussex has yet been discovered. The ducal peerage of Sussex was created in 1801 by George III for his sixth son, Prince Augustus Frederick. He died without issue in 1843 and the peerage became extinct. 

 Tabor's Folly See Folly Ground.

 Talbert's Yard See Talbot's Yard.

 Talbot Square 1950s-built council flats on three sides of a railinged green. Presumably named after Talbot's Yard, which is just to its west. The Hebrew Congregation Cemetery is located at its southeast corner. 

 Talbot's Yard Located on the east side of Oak Street in a row of 17th-century weavers' cottages  (numbers 98 to 108). On the Ordnance Survey map of 1885 it is named Talbert's Yard. Talbot Square nearby was presumably named after this yard.
It isn't certain how it got its name, however it may be significant that Talbot's Yard is next to Dog Yard and a talbot is an old name for a type of large, white hunting dog. There were two other yards near here, Goat Yard and Baldwin's Yard, but unlike Talbot's Yard and Dog Yard, these no longer have their own name plates.
  
 Tofts Garden This stood roughly where a car park is now located at the end of Chatham Street, though originally covering a somewhat larger area (over two acres) bordered by the Gildencroft Quaker Burial Ground in the north, Quaker Lane in the west and St Martin's Lane in the south. It is named 'Tofts Garden and Orchard' on a plan of the Gildencroft made in about 1770. Whether by coincidence or not, there is still an old crab apple tree bordering the car park.

 Tooley's Street See Pitt Street.

 Tut Hill This small hill, also known as Tot or Tote Hill, was located in the northwest corner of the Gildencroft near St Martin's Gate. Its name in Old English means 'lookout' hill. Its earliest known documented mention dates from 1291. It may have been a man-made mound designed to form part of Norwich's northern defences or perhaps an accidental structure, composed of earth excavated during the digging of the ditch that fronted the new city wall here.     

 Upper Green Lane Raised roadway in Anglia Square that provides a link between a multi-storey car park and the Inner Ring Road. It runs roughly at right-angles to where Green's Lane once linked Middle Street (later known as St George's Street) with Calvert Street (formerly known as Snailgate). Green's Lane is thought to have been named after a lawyer who once lived here. In the 19th century it had a pub at its Calvert Street end called the Hope Tavern.

 Watering, The Lane that runs off the west side of St Martin's Road near the east bank of the River Wensum.

 Whores Lane See St Martin's Lane.

 Wine Coopers Arms Yard This yard is located between numbers 30 and 32
St Augustine's Street (west side). The Wine Coopers Arms public house was at no. 30. It was known as the St Augustine's Wine Vaults in the 1840s. In common with much of the property in and around the Gildencroft, this premise was owned for much of the 19th century by the Great Hospital of St Giles and its charitable successors. The pub ceased trading in 1936. Originally the yard lead to a small group of dwellings behind the pub, but there is now a passage way though the yard to The Lathes. In 2010 the name of this yard was set in stone in a newly laid pavement outside the entrance to the yard. 

 Wingfield Road This road of terraced houses that runs between Aylsham Road and St Martins Road is, curiously, marked in the position of Bakers Road on the Ordnance Survey map of 1885, while its present location is marked out but unnamed. Both roads were still in the process of being developed for residential housing at this period and it may be that the Survey simply made a mistake. 

 Winters Yard Lost yard on east side of Pitt Street near No. 84.

 Zigzag Row A row of Victorian terraced houses on the south side of Magpie Road listed on the 1884 Ordnance Survey map.